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考虑鱼类产卵水文需求与入库径流量、梯级调节库容之间动态变化关系的多目标调度方法，为梯级水库生态调度提供技术支撑。提出一种面向产漂流性卵鱼类的梯级水电站动态多目标调度框架，通过动态配置不同来水情势下的梯级水库生态水文调控目标，提炼面向漂流性卵鱼类的动态生态水文调控方式。结果表明：（1）基于梨园和阿海坝址6月最大7 d流量、产漂流性卵鱼类产卵期流量涨幅要求和梯级水库调节库容，可将阿海坝址径流场景划分为3类；（2）生态水文调控目标与梯级发电目标呈现竞争关系，与常规调度方案相比，对于相同典型来水年，优化调度方案的梨园和阿海梯级水库发电量6月发电量增加0.50亿～1.15亿kWh，对应增幅为4.5%～5.3%，且阿海水库下泄流量更贴近鱼类产卵所需流量涨幅过程。研究结果可为梨园和阿海梯级水库多目标生态调度提供参考依据。
Abstract：In this study, we carried out research on the multi-objective operation of cascaded reservoirs that considers the dynamic relationship between the hydrological requirements for fish spawning and inflow runoff volume, aiming to effectively regulate reservoir storage capacity and provide technical support for the ecological operation of cascaded reservoirs. Liyuan and Ahai reservoirs on the middle Jinsha River were selected for research and a dynamic multi-objective operational framework was developed that specifically targets fish species with drifting eggs. The framework allows for eco-hydrological operation of the two cascaded reservoirs that provides suitable water flow for fish spawning under different runoff scenarios. The study was based on the daily runoff data at the Liyuan and Ahai dam sites during June over a 53-year period from 1966 to 2018(after restoration calculations to obtain natural runoff values) as the foundational analytical dataset. Results show:(1) Runoff scenarios at Ahai dam were placed into three categories based on three factors: the maximum 7-day flow in June at the Liyuan and Ahai dam sites; the flow increase required for spawning of fish that produce drifting eggs; and the regulated storage capacities of the cascaded reservoirs.(2) There was a competitive relationship between the ecological hydrological regulation objectives and hydropower generation goals. Compared to conventional operation schemes under the same typical inflows, the optimized operational scheme resulted in an increase in power generation of 50 million to 115 million kWh(4.5% to 5.3%) in June for the Liyuan and Ahai cascaded reservoirs. Further, the discharge from Ahai reservoir under the optimized scheme was more closely aligned with the flow increase required for fish spawning. This research provides a reference for optimizing the multi-objective ecological operation of the cascaded Liyuan and Ahai reservoirs.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.202507080001
中图分类号:TV697.11;Q958.8
引用信息:
[1]朱迪,熊明.面向产漂流性卵鱼类的梯级水库动态多目标调度研究[J].水生态学杂志,2025,46(06):1-10.DOI:10.15928/j.1674-3075.202507080001.
基金信息:
湖北省自然科学基金计划项目（2024AFD354）