| 214 | 0 | 367 |
| 下载次数 | 被引频次 | 阅读次数 |
探究中华金沙鳅产卵与环境因素的关系，为金沙江下游梯级水库面向中华金沙鳅及其他鱼类产卵繁殖“人造洪峰”调度提供参考资料。基于2019—2024年3—7月在保护区干流宜宾、合江、江津等6个断面的鱼类早期资源调查结果，采用随机森林模型，分析了中华金沙鳅产卵发生与生境条件的关系，辨识了影响中华金沙鳅产卵活动发生的重要环境变量及其交互影响效应。结果显示：日平均水温(WT)、日平均流量(WD)和日平均透明度(TR)是影响长江上游保护区干流江段中华金沙鳅产卵活动发生的主要变量，中华金沙鳅的产卵发生主要受到产卵发生日生境条件的影响；WD、WT、TR、日平均水位(WL)以及水温过18℃的累积天数(DWT18)间的交互效应最为明显；当环境条件满足：WD在1 560～5 620 m3/s、WT处于14.2～20.4℃、TR处于80～350 cm，以及DWT18超过28 d时，中华金沙鳅发生产卵活动的概率可在75%以上。
Abstract：In this study, we analyzed the relationship between spawning occurrence of Jinshaia sinensis and habitat conditions in the conservation area below Xiangjiaba dam on the Jinsha and Yangtze Rivers.The random forest model was used to generate multiple decision trees and the key environmental variables that influence spawning, and their interactions, were identified. The study was based on early stage fish resource data collected daily during March-July from 2019 to 2024, at six sections in the conservation reserve. The six sections included Yibin, Luzhou, Hejiang, Zhutuo, Youxi and Jiangjin, that are 30,150, 230, 265, 316 and 335 km, respectively, downstream of Xiangjiaba dam. Results show: 1) The daily mean water temperature(WT), daily mean discharge(WD), and daily mean transparency(TR) were the primary and critical influencing variables affecting J. sinensis spawning in the reserve. The occurrence of J. sinensis spawning was primarily driven by habitat conditions on the day of spawning. 2) The variables WD, WT, TR, daily average water level(WL), and cumulative days with water temperature exceeding 18 ℃(DWT18) exhibited significant interactive effects in predicting the probability J. sinensis spawning.Among these, the interactive effect between flow rate and water temperature was most pronounced.3) When WD was 1 560-5 620 m3/s, WT was 14.2-20.4 °C, TR was 80-350 cm, and DWT18 exceeded 28 days, the probability of J. sinensis spawning exceeded 0.75. These findings provide a scientific basis for regulating artificial flood peaks through the cascaded reservoirs in the lower Jinsha River to enhance spawning and reproduction of J. sinensis and other fish species.
柏海霞,彭期冬,李翀,等, 2014.长江四大家鱼产卵场地形及其自然繁殖水动力条件研究综述[J].中国水利水电科学研究院学报, 12(3):249-257.BAI H X, PENG Q D, LI C, et al, 2014. A summary of topo-graphical characteristics of the four major Chinese carps'spawning grounds and hydrodynamic conditions for natu-ral propagation in the Yangtze River[J]. Journal of ChinaInstitute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,12(3):249-257.
长江四大家鱼产卵场调查队,1982.葛洲坝水利枢纽工程截流后长江四大家鱼产卵场调查[J].水产学报, 6(4):287-305.Survey Team of Spawning Grounds of Domestic Fishes inChanjiang River, 1982. A survey on the spawning groundsof the“four famous Chinese carps”in the Changjiang riv-er after dammed by the key water control project at ge-zhouba[J]. Journal of Fisheries of China, 6(4):287-305.
曹俊,张晓敏,朱迪,等, 2025.基于机器学习模型的长江上游典型产漂流性卵鱼类自然繁殖与环境特征关系研究[J/OL].水资源保护, 1-9[2025-10-11]. https://link.cnki.net/urlid/32.1356.TV.20250527.1557.004.
曹文宣,常剑波,乔晔,等, 2007.长江鱼类早期资源[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社.
陈小娟,杨志,朱其广,等, 2024.长江宜宾-江津段漂流性鱼卵纵向分布特征及与环境因子关系[J].水生态学杂志,45(5):193-203.CHEN X J, YANG ZH, ZHU Q G, et al, 2024. LongitudinalDistribution of Drifting Fish Eggs from Yibin to Jiangjininthe Upper Yangtze River and the Relationship with Envi-ronmental Factors[J]. Journal of Hydroecology, 45(5):193-203.
丁瑞华, 1994.四川鱼类志[M].成都:四川科学技术出版社.
段辛斌,田辉伍,高天珩,等, 2015.金沙江一期工程蓄水前长江上游产漂流性卵鱼类产卵场现状[J].长江流域资源与环境, 24(8):1358-1365.DUAN X B, TIAN H W, GAO T H, et al, 2015. Resources sta-tus of ichthyoplankton in the Upper Yangtze River beforethe storage of Jinsha river first stage project[J]. Resourcesand Environment in the Yangtze Basin, 24(8):1358-1365.
高明慧, 2022.西江来宾段鱼类早期资源及其与水文因子的关系研究[D].南宁:广西大学.
黄曼茹, 2018.保护区铜鱼产卵期关键生态水文指标及其阈值初步研究[D].武汉:长江科学院.
胡兴坤,邵科,阙延福,等, 2023.金沙江下游宜宾段产漂流性卵鱼类早期资源动态变化[J].水生态学杂志, 44(2):73-80.HU X K, SHAO K, QUE Y F, et al, 2023. Dynamic Changes ofEarly Stage Fish Resources with Drifting Eggs inYibinSection of the Lower Jinsha River[J]. Journal of Hydro-ecology, 44(2):73-80.
郝好鑫,杨霞,杨梦斐,等, 2023.金沙江下游梯级水库对水温及鱼类适宜产卵时间的影响[J].湖泊科学, 35(1):247-256.HAO H H, YANG X, YANG M F, et al, 2023. Impacts of thecascade reservoirs of Jinshajiang River on water tempera-ture and fishspawning time[J]. Journal of Lake Sciences,35(1):247-256.
贾砾, 2013.长江宜宾段中华金沙鳅食性与生长研究[D].重庆:西南大学.
李倩, 2013.长江上游保护区干流鱼类栖息地地貌及水文特征研究[D].北京:中国水利水电科学研究院.
李祥艳,田辉伍,蒲艳,等, 2022.长江上游宜宾江段鱼类早期资源现状研究[J].渔业科学进展, 43(4):93-104.LI X Y, TIAN H W, PU Y, et al, 2022. Study on the status ofthe early-stage fish resources at Yibin section in the upperreaches of the Yangtze River[J]. Progress in Fishery Sci-ences, 43(4):93-104.
林童, 2024.涪陵至丰都段鱼卵漂流预报方法[D].重庆:重庆交通大学.
刘乐和,吴国犀,王志玲, 1990.葛洲坝水利枢纽兴建后长江干流铜鱼和圆口铜鱼的繁殖生态[J].水生生物学报, 14(3):205-215.LIU L H, WU G X, WANG ZH L,1990. Ecological breeding ofcopper fish and round-mouthed copper fish in the mainstream of Yangtze River after construction of GezhoubaWater conservancy Hub[J]. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,14(3):205-215.
刘建康,曹文宣, 1992.长江流域的鱼类资源及其保护对策[J].长江流域资源与环境, 1(1):17-23.LIU J K, CAO W X, 1992. Fishery resources in the YangtzeRiver Basin and its protection strategies[J]. Resources andEnvironment in the Yangtze Basin,1(1):17-23.
湖北省水生生物研究所鱼类研究室, 1976.长江鱼类[M].北京:科学出版社.
唐成,邓华堂,田辉伍,等, 2024.长江上游宜宾至江津江段珍稀特有鱼类群落结构及多样性年际变化[J].中国水产科学, 31(11):1273-1290.TANG CH, DENG H T, TIAN H W, et al, 2024. Interannualvariation of the community structure and diversity of rareand endemic fish in the upper reaches of the Yangtze Riv-er section from Yibin to Jiangjin[J].Journal of Fishery Sci-ences of China, 31(11):1273-1290.
危起伟,王剑伟,陈大庆等, 2012.长江上游珍稀特有鱼类国家级自然保护区科学考察报告[M].北京:科学出版社.
王龙飞,田辉伍,严忠銮,等, 2022.长江上游泸州江段鱼类早期资源现状及其与水文条件响应关系[J].长江流域资源与环境, 31(4):814-822.WANG L F, TIAN H W, YAN Z L, et al, 2022. Status of early-stage fish resources and hydrological condition responserelationship in Luzhou section of Upper Yangtze River[J].Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin, 31(4):814-822.
王渺林,曹磊,平妍容,等, 2023.长江上游宜宾至朱沱河段水文要素变化及对河道和水生态影响[J].水资源研究, 12(6):575-581.WANG M L, CAO L, PING Y R, et al, 2023. Changes in hy-drological elements and their impacts on river channel andaquatic ecology from Yibin to Zhutuo section in the upperreaches of the Yangtze River[J]. Journal of Water Resourc-es Research, 12(6):575-581.
徐薇,杨志,陈小娟,等, 2020.三峡水库生态调度试验对四大家鱼产卵的影响分析[J].环境科学研究, 33(5):1129-1139.XU W, YANG ZH, CHEN X J, et al,2020. Three Gorges Reser-voir Ecological Operation Effect on the Spawning of theFour Major Chinese Carps[J]. Research of EnvironmentalSciences, 2020, 33(5):1129-1139.
易伯鲁,余志堂,梁秩燊,等, 1988.葛洲坝水利枢纽与长江四大家鱼[M].武汉:湖北科学技术出版社.
张登成,王孟,李斐,等, 2024.金沙江下游中华金沙鳅自然繁殖的生态水文需求研究[J].水生态学杂志, 45(1):96-102.ZHANG D CH, WANG M, LI F, et al, 2024. Eco-hydrologicalCharacteristics for Natural Reproduction of Jinshaia sinen-sis in the Lower Jinsha River[J].Journal of Hydroecology,45(1):96-102.
周岐兵,程飞,王震,等，2022.长江上游合江江段鱼类早期资源与向家坝水库生态调度效果初步研究[J].中国环境监测, 38(1):95-103.ZHOU Q B, CHENG F, WANG ZH, et al,2022. Study on FishResources of the Early Life History Stages and the Effect-sof Ecological Regulation of the Xiangjiaba Reservoir atthe HejiangSection in the Upper Reaches of the YangtzeRiver[J]. Environmental Monitoring in China, 38(1):95-103.
朱俊,曹俊,周涛,等, 2024.长江上游江津段产漂流性卵鱼类早期资源现状及繁殖需求[J].水生态学杂志, 45(1):75-86.ZHU J, CAO J, ZHOU T,et al, 2024. Early Stage Resource Sta-tus of Fish Species Spawning Drifting Eggs inthe JiangjinSection of the Upper Yangtze River and Their Hydrologi-cRequirements[J]. Journal of Hydroecology,45(1):75-86.
AREVALO E, LARRA?AGA A, BARDONNET A, 2020.Comparison of food availability and performances of first-feeding alevins through spring with the occurrence of aflood[J]. Ecology of Freshwater Fish, 29(4):693-704.
ARTHINGTON A, KENNEN J, STEIN E, et al, 2018. Recentadvances in environmental flows science and water man-agement-Innovation in the Anthropocene[J]. FreshwaterBiology, 63:1022-1034.
CHENG F, LI W, CASTELLO L, et al, 2015. Potential effectsof dam cascade on fish:lessons from the Yangtze River[J]. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries, 25(3):569-585.
DOLINSEK I J, GRANT J W A, BIRON P M, 2007. The effectof habitat heterogeneity on the population density of juve-nile Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L[J]. Journal of Fish Bi-ology, 70(1):206-214.
HAYES D S, BR?NDLE J M, SELIGER C, et al, 2018. Ad-vancing towards functional environmental flows for tem-perate floodplain rivers[J]. Science of the Total Environ-ment, 633:1089-1104.
JONSSON B, JONSSON N, 2011. Ecology of Atlantic salmonand brown trout:habitat as a template for life histories[M]. Springer Science&Business Media.
KING A J, 2004. Density and distribution of potential prey forlarval fish in the main channel of a floodplain river:pelag-ic versus epibenthic meiofauna[J]. River Research and Ap-plications, 20(8):883-897.
KING A J, GWINN D C, TONKIN Z, et al, 2016. Using abiot-ic drivers of fish spawning to inform environmental flowmanagement[J]. Journal of Applied Ecology, 53(1):34-43.
KOEHN J, O'CONNOR W G, 1990. Biological information formanagement of native freshwater fish in Victoria[M]. De-partment of Conservation and Environment, FreshwaterFish Management Branch, Arthur Rylah Institute for Envi-ronmental Research.
KUCHARCZYK, KUJAWA, MAMCARZ, et al, 1998. In-duced spawning in perch, Perca fluviatilis L., using FSH+LH with pimozide or metoclopramide[J]. Aquaculture Re-search, 29(2):131-136.
KUMARI M, SUBBARAO N, 2022. A hybrid resampling algo-rithms SMOTE and ENN based deep learning models foridentification of Marburg virus inhibitors[J]. Future Me-dicinal Chemistry, 14(10):701-715.
LI T, MO K L, WANG J, et al, 2021. Mismatch between criti-cal and accumulated temperature following river dam-ming impacts fish spawning[J]. Science of the Total Envi-ronment, 756:144052.
LI Y K, LIN J Q, LIU Y, et al, 2022. Refined operation of cas-cade reservoirs considering fish ecological demand[J].Journal of Hydrology, 607:127559.
LIU Q Y, ZHANG P, CHENG B X, et al, 2021. Incorporatingthe life stages of fish into habitat assessment frameworks:a case study in the Baihetan Reservoir[J]. Journal of Envi-ronmental Management, 299:113663.
LIAW A, WIENER M, 2002. Classification and regression byrandomForest[J]. R News, 2:18-22.
LUCAS M, BARAS E, 2008. Migration of freshwater fishes[M]. John Wiley&Sons.
OLDEN J D, NAIMAN R J, 2010. Incorporating thermal re-gimes into environmental flows assessments:modifyingdam operations to restore freshwater ecosystem integrity[J]. Freshwater Biology, 55(1):86-107.
PAN X D, ZHANG W C, LIU W Q, et al, 2025. Decadal-scalechanges in fish spawning strategies:a case study ofstriped bass in the Hudson River[J]. Ecological Indicators,173:113410.
POFF N L, MATTHEWS J H, 2013. Environmental flows inthe anthropocence:past progress and future prospects[J].Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 5(6):667-675.
VAN DER KRAAK G, PANKHURST N W, 1997. Tempera-ture effects on the reproductive performance of fish[C]//In Global Warming:Implications for Freshwater and Ma-rine Fish[M]. Cambridge University Press, 159-176.
WAINWRIGHT C E, STAPLES T L, CHARLES L S, et al,2018. Links between community ecology theory and eco-logical restoration are on the rise[J]. Journal of AppliedEcology, 55(2):570-581.
WANG J N, LI C, DUAN X B, et al, 2014. Variation in the sig-nificant environmental factors affecting larval abundanceof four majorChinese carp species:fish spawning re-sponse to the Three Gorges Dam[J]. Freshwater Biology,59(7):1343-1360.
WIDéN?, REN?F?LT B M, JANSSON R, 2024. Environ-mental flows in a future climate:balancing hydropowerproduction and ecosystem rehabilitation in the ume riversystem, Sweden[J]. Science of the Total Environment,955:176622.
XU W, QIAO Y, CHEN X J, et al, 2015. Spawning activity ofthe four major Chinese carps in the middle mainstream ofthe Yangtze River, during the Three Gorges Reservoir op-eration period, China[J]. Journal of Applied Ichthyology,31(5):846-854.
YANG Z, TANG H Y, QUE Y F, et al, 2016. Length-weight re-lationships and basic biological information on 64 fishspecies from lower sections of the Wujiang River, China[J]. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 32(2):386-390.
YANG Z, ZHU Q G, CAO J, et al, 2021. Using a hierarchicalmodel framework to investigate the relationships betweenfish spawning and abiotic factors for environmental flowmanagement[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 787:147618.
基本信息:
DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.202507130004
中图分类号:Q958.8
引用信息:
[1]周涛,曹俊,封保根,等.长江上游珍稀特有鱼类国家级自然保护区干流江段中华金沙鳅产卵活动发生的生境需求研究[J].水生态学杂志,2025,46(06):81-92.DOI:10.15928/j.1674-3075.202507130004.
基金信息:
国家重点研发计划课题（2021YFC3200304）; 中国三峡集团有限公司科研项目（0704208）; 中国长江三峡集团有限公司自主科研项目（BNYG202300648）